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S
ome weeds harbor pests and
diseases, besides competing
with corn for the same resourc-
es available in the environment
(water, sunlight and nutrients).
“Improper management of the crop infes-
tation population could lead to direct and
indirect losses to the crop”, warn research-
ers Alexandre Ferreira da Silva and Décio
Karam, from Embrapa Corn and Sorghum,
based in Sete Lagoas (MG).
In general, according to the research-
ers, the following species are present: beg-
gar sticks (
Bidens spp
), dayflower (
Commeli-
na spp
), morning glory (
Ipomea spp
), bristly
starbur (
Acanthospermum hispidum
), pill-
pod sandmat (
Chamaesyce hirta
), goose
grass (
Eleusine indica
), crabgrass (
Digitaria
horizontalis
), southern sandbur (
Cenchrus
echinatus
), sourgrass (
Digitaria insularis
)
and
Conyza (spp)
. The importance of these
species varies according to the specif-
ic conditions in each locality. By virtue of
the more intense rainfall regime through-
out the crop development stage, the inter-
ference of the weeds tends to be more se-
rious in the summer corn crop rather than
in the second crop.
Proper management of the weeds
should be carried out during the period
in which the productive potential of the
field is defined, extending from the V2
stage to the V10 stage, when 10 leaves
are fully emerged. Control can be carried
out through the integration of the pre-
ventive, cultural, mechanical and chem-
ical methods. “Farmers should make
sure the machines and other farm imple-
ments coming from other locations are
thoroughly cleaned to prevent the dis-
semination of new weed species in the
area “, they recommend. Furthermore,
they should seed the corn in periods that
favor its development and growth to the
detriment of the weeds.
FIGHT Certain species that cause prob-
lems could be suppressed by cover crops,
which, besides producing mulch, also im-
prove the physical and chemical properties
of soil.Mechanical controls couldbeagood
alternative for keeping escapes of biotypes
that might harbor resistance traits, before
they spread across the entire field. Finally,
chemical control should give priority to the
rotation of herbicide molecules among the
crops on the farm, in an attempt to delay
the selection of resistant biotypes and spe-
cies tolerant to certain molecules.
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Divulgação
